Tuesday, November 10, 2009

Collatz Series

A strange series of numbers exists where the next number in the sequence depends on the previous one being either even or odd. If it was even, the next is one half of the previous, if odd the next one is 3 times the previous, plus one. The last number of the series is always one. The number of steps to get to one is sometimes called the halting point. (Even the next is N/2; if Odd the next is 3*N+1)

Example, Intital number is 6 then the steps are... 3,10,5,16,8,4,2,1
This has 8 steps and the high number is 16.

(If you plot the initial number vs. the high, you get a neat picture)

There once was a reward of $500.00 for solving various aspects of this series. See

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture.

Your question is this. There are six different initial numbers between 3 and 100
that end with these nine steps... 40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1 ... what are the six initial numbers?

As a hint, each of these six initial number has 17 steps to reach 1.
So as you can see the first 8 steps vary, but the step nine is 40.

Please give as many of the six you can solve.

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7 Comments:

Anonymous Anonymous said...

Here are several that don't have 17 steps but meet the other rules:

13,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

26,13,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

53,160,80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

35,106,53,160,80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

70,35,106,53,160,80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

23,70,35,106,53,160,80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

46,23,70,35,106,53,160,80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

15,46,23,70,35,106,53,160,80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

30,15,46,23,70,35,106,53,160,80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

60,30,15,46,23,70,35,106,53,160,80,40,20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1

I'm out of time, gotta work for a living.

November 11, 2009 6:11 AM  
Blogger Ragknot said...

Here's a small point that may help. Almost every series that's greater than 10 steps will have a 40 in it. And of course if it does have a 40, the 20,10,5,16,8,4,2,1 combination follows.

November 11, 2009 7:48 AM  
Blogger Ragknot said...

Almost 90% of the 1-100 initial numbers have a series less than 35 steps. The remaining ones have more than 93 steps... none have between 35 and 92 steps.

November 11, 2009 8:08 AM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

The 6 numbers less than 100 with the criteria of 9th step=40 are:
14,15,88,90,92,93

That being said, many more numbers between 1-100 contain the series starting with 40, but at a different step.


Cam

November 11, 2009 12:21 PM  
Anonymous Anonymous said...

I followed an iterative approach, starting from 40. Left hand column= N*2, Right Hand column=(N-1)/3 ,"X" indicates (N-1) Mod 3 != 0 OR (N-1)/3 Mod 2 = 0

40
80, 13
160, X
320, 53
640, X
1280, 213
2560, X
5120, 853
10240, X
20480, 3413


13
26, X
52, X
104, 17
208, X
416, 69
832, X
1664, 277
3328, X


17
34, X
68, 11
136, X
272, 45
544, X


11
22, X
44, 7
88, X
***88 is a solution***

7
14, X
***14 is a solution***

45
90, X
***90 is a solution***

69
138, X
276, X
552, X

277
554, X

53
106, X
212, 35
424, X
848, 141
1696, X
3392, 565


35
70, X
140, 23
280, X
560, 93
***93 is a solution****


23
46, X
92, 15
***92 and 15 are solutions***


141
282, X
564, X


213
426, X
852, X
1704, X
3408, X


853
1706, X
3412, X


In summary:
14,15,88,90,92,93 are solutions
for n=40 at 9th step, for number 1-100

Cam

November 11, 2009 12:44 PM  
Blogger Lela said...

Cam has it

14,15,88,90,92,93 are solutions

Did anyone do 27?

I did it going backward. There would be two possible numbers just before 40... 2N=80 and (N-1)/3=13, but then each of those two would have two possiblities, some will turn out to be fractions, so that makes a dead end. Then if after 9 more steps you are less than 100, you've found a solution.

I will post a picture on my blog.

http:\\ragknot.blogspot.com

LOL. I see my daughter is logged on.

November 11, 2009 3:54 PM  
Blogger Ragknot said...

There lots of strange quirks in the Collatz series. Did anyone notice that in our 6 solutions, each one had either 52 or 53 for the sixth step?

November 11, 2009 4:03 PM  

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